Whether you want to learn about a new topic, to brush up on your skills, or to meet more people in your economics field, summer schools are an ideal opportunity for you. Many reputable universities run intensive but stimulating summer courses that give students the chance to increase their academic standing.

Economics PhDs are aware of the transferable skills they should master to land a job in industry. But what about the reverse: Is prior industry experience valuable for a PhD program?

If you're looking to choose an economics PhD program, it's important to consider options that match your research interests and personal style. We list a selection of the best PhD programs in economics that are offered by European universities, to help you find the right postgraduate program for you.

“I am an economist,” I once proudly mentioned at a party, in a round of small talk. “Oh, so you do a lot of money counting and financial reporting?” was the reply I heard, like so many economics graduates before me. “Nah, let’s leave that to the business and finance professionals,” I answered. But what do real economists do exactly?